Docker MQTT安装使用教程

MQTT简介

MQTT（Message Queuing Telemetry Transport，消息队列遥测传输）是IBM开发的一个即时通讯协议，有可能成为物联网的重要组成部分。该协议支持所有平台，几乎可以把所有联网物品和外部连接起来，被用来当做传感器和制动器（比如通过Twitter让房屋联网）的通信协议。

Docker安装RabbitMQ配置MQTT

使用RabbitMQ作为MQTT服务端，Eclipse Paho作为客户端。宿主机系统为ubuntu16.04

Docker下载镜像

docker pull daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4

启动RabbitMQ

docker run -d –hostname my-rabbit –name some-rabbit -p 15672:15672 -p 5672:5672 -p 1883:1883 -p 15675:15675 daocloud.io/library/rabbitmq:3.7.4

注意映射容器端口

15672 是rabbitmq management管理界面默认访问端口 5672 是amqp默认端口 1883 是mqtt tcp协议默认端口 15675 是web_mqtt websocket协议默认端口

启用插件

默认安装后我们需要手动开启rabbitmq_management插件，rabbitmq_mqtt插件和rabbitmq_web_mqtt插件。

执行如下三条命令

docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt docker exec <容器ID> rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt

当然你也可以写个脚本start.sh，复制到容器中

/usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_mqtt /usr/sbin/rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_web_mqtt

进入容器执行这个脚本。

sh start.sh

开放宿主机端口

firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=15672/tcp –permanent firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=5672/tcp –permanent firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=1883/tcp –permanent firewall-cmd –zone=public –add-port=15675/tcp –permanent firewall-cmd –reload

Python MQTT客户端实现

安装python包

pip install paho-mqtt

发送数据demo（消费者）

# 使用前需要启动hbase和thrift服务器 # 启动hbase在cd /usr/local/hbase下bin/start-hbase.sh 默认端口为 60000 # 启动thrift服务器cd /usr/local/hbase/bin执行./hbase-daemon.sh start thrift 默认端口为9090 import sys import os dir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + /../ sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹 import argparse # import logging import time,datetime from common.py_log import init_logger,init_console_logger from common.config import * from common.py_hbase import PyHbase import time,json from common.py_rabbit import Rabbit_Consumer import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt import time HOST = “192.168.2.46” PORT = 1883 def client_loop(): client_id = time.strftime(%Y%m%d%H%M%S,time.localtime(time.time())) client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间 client.username_pw_set(“guest”, “guest”) # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 client.on_connect = on_connect client.on_message = on_message client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) client.loop_forever() def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print(“Connected with result code “+str(rc)) client.subscribe(“test”) def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+” “+msg.payload.decode(“utf-8”)) if __name__ == __main__: client_loop()

接收数据demo（生产者）

import sys import os dir_common = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + /../ sys.path.append(dir_common) # 将根目录添加到系统目录,才能正常引用common文件夹 import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt import time HOST = “192.168.2.46” PORT = 1883 def client_loop(): client_id = time.strftime(%Y%m%d%H%M%S,time.localtime(time.time())) client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间 client.username_pw_set(“guest”, “guest”) # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 client.on_connect = on_connect client.on_message = on_message client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) client.loop_forever() def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print(“Connected with result code “+str(rc)) client.subscribe(“test”) def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+” “+msg.payload.decode(“utf-8”)) if __name__ == __main__: client_loop()

生产者demo

# import paho.mqtt.client as mqtt import paho.mqtt.publish as publish import time HOST = “192.168.2.46” PORT = 1883 def on_connect(client, userdata, flags, rc): print(“Connected with result code “+str(rc)) client.subscribe(“test”) def on_message(client, userdata, msg): print(msg.topic+” “+msg.payload.decode(“utf-8”)) if __name__ == __main__: client_id = time.strftime(%Y%m%d%H%M%S,time.localtime(time.time())) # client = mqtt.Client(client_id) # ClientId不能重复，所以使用当前时间 # client.username_pw_set(“guest”, “guest”) # 必须设置，否则会返回「Connected with result code 4」 # client.on_connect = on_connect # client.on_message = on_message # client.connect(HOST, PORT, 60) # client.publish(“test”, “你好 MQTT”, qos=0, retain=False) # 发布消息 publish.single(“test”, “你好 MQTT”, qos = 1,hostname=HOST,port=PORT, client_id=client

官方文档：

mqtthttp://www.rabbitmq.com/mqtt.html

总结

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