Ubuntu18.04(linux)安装MySQL的方法步骤

安装

mysql

sudo apt-get –purge remove mysql-server mysql-common mysql-client sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-common mysql-client mysqladmin -u root password your-new-password sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

mariadb

apt-get install mariadb-server

字符集修改utf8

如果装的mariadb, 默认字符集已经是utf8了。mysql则不是

mysql> show variables like char%; +————————–+—————————-+ | Variable_name | Value | +————————–+—————————-+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +————————–+—————————-+ mysql> show variables like collation%; +———————-+——————-+ | Variable_name | Value | +———————-+——————-+ | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | +———————-+——————-+

修改字符集：

sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

添加以下内容

[mysqld] collation-server = utf8_unicode_ci init-connect=SET NAMES utf8 character-set-server = utf8

重启：

service mysql restart

登录权限问题

Ubuntu18.04 安装mysql或者mariadb之后，发现普通用户和远程都没有权限连接。

ERROR 1045: Access denied for user: root@localhost (Using

password: YES)

修改了密码也不对。然后sudo mysql -u root即可登录。这显然不是我们想要的。

解决方案

删除root，重新创建用户。

首先，登录

sudo mysql -u root

然后查看当前用户

SELECT User,Host FROM mysql.user; +——————+———–+ | User | Host | +——————+———–+ | admin | localhost | | debian-sys-maint | localhost | | magento_user | localhost | | mysql.sys | localhost | | root | localhost |

删除root账号

mysql> DROP USER root@localhost; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

重新创建root：

mysql> CREATE USER root@% IDENTIFIED BY 123456; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec)

授权

mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@% WITH GRANT OPTION; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,00 sec) mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,01 sec)

关于重置密码

host为%时允许远程登录

SET PASSWORD FOR root@localhost = PASSWORD(password);

or

UPDATE mysql.user SET Password=PASSWORD(newpwd) WHERE User=root;

or

USE mysql UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD(newpwd) WHERE Host = localhost AND User = root;

允许任何地方登录

USE mysql UPDATE user SET Password = PASSWORD(newpwd) WHERE Host = % AND User = root;

参考

https://askubuntu.com/questions/766334/cant-login-as-mysql-user-root-from-normal-user-account-in-ubuntu-16-04

https://help.ubuntu.com/community/MysqlPasswordReset

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