详解linux添加硬盘分区挂载教程

基本步骤：分区——格式化——挂载——写入文件

1、首先用fdisk -l命令查看添加的硬盘名称，可以看到sdb为新增的硬盘

[root@oracle ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000 Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0006b59c Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 * 1 39 307200 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 39 2358 18631680 83 Linux /dev/sda3 2358 2611 2031616 82 Linux swap / Solaris

2、进行分区，输入m查看提示

[root@oracle ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x09f38795. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content wont be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. Its strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command c) and change display units to sectors (command u). Command (m for help): m Command action a toggle a bootable flag b edit bsd disklabel c toggle the dos compatibility flag d delete a partition l list known partition types m print this menu n add a new partition o create a new empty DOS partition table p print the partition table q quit without saving changes s create a new empty Sun disklabel t change a partitions system id u change display/entry units v verify the partition table w write table to disk and exit x extra functionality (experts only)

分析：主要参数的解析

1. 输入 m 显示所有命令列示。

2. 输入 p 显示硬盘分割情形，打印分区表。

3. 输入 a 设定硬盘启动区。

4. 输入 n 创建新的硬盘分割区。

4.1. 输入 e 硬盘为[延伸]分割区(extend)。

  4.2. 输入 p 硬盘为[主要]分割区(primary)。

5. 输入 t 改变硬盘分割区属性。　　　　　　　　　　

t:分区系统id号 L:82:linux swap 83:linux 86：NTFS window分区

6. 输入 d 删除硬盘分割区属性。

7. 输入 q 结束不存入硬盘分割区属性。

8. 输入 w 结束并写入硬盘分割区属性

3、输入n创建新的硬盘分区——输入p创建主分区——输入1设置一个分区——回车——回车（默认全部空间）

Command (m for help): n Command action e extended ···扩展分区 p primary partition (1-4) ···主分区 p Partition number (1-4): 1 First cylinder (1-2610, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-2610, default 2610): Using default value 2610

4、输入p查看分区情况——输入w保存退出（一定要w保存不然无效）

Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x09f38795 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sdb1 1 2610 20964793+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): w The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks.

5、mkfs命令格式化磁盘

[root@oracle ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb mkfs.ext4: invalid fragment size – /dev/sdb

6、mount命令挂载分区

[root@oracle ~]# mount /dev/sdb /oracle/ You have new mail in /var/spool/mail/root [root@oracle ~]# df -TH Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sda2 ext4 19G 11G 7.3G 60% / tmpfs tmpfs 2.1G 74k 2.1G 1% /dev/shm /dev/sda1 ext4 297M 29M 253M 11% /boot /dev/sdb ext4 22G 47M 20G 1% /oracle

7、添加到/etc/fstab文件下保存退出否则重启后硬盘消失

/dev/sdb /oracle ext4 defaults,noatime 0 0

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