Linux下的压力测试工具：ab、http_load、webbench、siege

ab

ab是apache自带的一款功能强大的测试工具。安装了apache一般就自带了。

安装目录默认为：/usr/bin/ab

安装httpd-tools:

[root@4662b88202f1 ~]# yum -y install httpd-tools

ab命令帮助

[root@4662b88202f1 ~]# ab -hUsage: ab [options] [http[s]://]hostname[:port]/path Options are: -n requests Number ofrequests to perform -c concurrency Numberofmultiple requests to make at a time -t timelimit Seconds to max. to spendon benchmarking This implies -n 50000 -s timeout Seconds to max. wAIt foreach response Defaultis 30 seconds -b Windowsize Size of TCP send/receive buffer, inbytes -B address Address to bind towhenmaking outgoing connections -p postfile File containing data to POST. Remember also to set -T -u putfile File containing data to PUT. Remember also to set -T -T content-type Content-type header to usefor POST/PUT data, eg. application/x-www-form-urlencoded Default is text/plain -v verbosity How much troubleshooting info to print-w Print out resultsin HTML tables -i Use HEAD instead of GET -x attributes String to insert astable attributes -y attributes String to insertastr attributes -z attributes String to insertas td or th attributes -C attribute Add cookie, eg. Apache=1234. (repeatable) -H attribute Add Arbitrary header line, eg.Accept-Encoding: gzipInserted after all normal header lines. (repeatable) -A attribute Add Basic WWW Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated usernameandpassword. -P attribute Add Basic Proxy Authentication, the attributes are a colon separated usernameand password. -X proxy:port Proxyserver andport number to use -V Print version numberand exit -k Use HTTP KeepAlive feature -d Do notshow percentiles served table. -S Donot show confidence estimators and warnings. -q Do notshow progresswhen doing more than 150 requests -l Accept variable document length (use this fordynamic pages) -g filename Output collected data to gnuplot format file. -e filename Output CSV file with percentages served -r Dont exit on socket receive errors. -m method Method name -h Display usage information (this message) -I Disable TLS Server Name Indication (SNI) extension -Z ciphersuite Specify SSL/TLS cipher suite (See openssl ciphers) -f protocol Specify SSL/TLS protocol (SSL2, TLS1, TLS1.1, TLS1.2 or ALL) -E certfile Specify optional client certificate chain and private key

支持http及https,ab命令请求测试:

[root@4662b88202f1 ~]# ab -c 100 -n 1000 https://www.ym68.cc/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.ym68.cc (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 700 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1000 requests Finished 1000 requests Server Software: WAF/2.4-12.1 Server Hostname: www.ym68.cc Server Port: 443 SSL/TLS Protocol: TLSv1.2,ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384,2048,256 Server Temp Key: ECDH P-256 256 bits TLS Server Name: www.ym68.cc Document Path: / Document Length: 46275 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 5.681 seconds Complete requests: 1000 Failed requests: 0 Total transferred: 46753985 bytes HTML transferred: 46275000 bytes Requests per second: 176.03 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 568.089 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 5.681 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 8037.16 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 113 183 163.2 135 2044 Processing: 81 222 257.3 140 3962 Waiting: 36 87 115.7 48 2075 Total: 194 405 315.3 294 4092 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 294 66% 350 75% 443 80% 522 90% 690 95% 937 98% 1311 99% 1898 100%4092 (longest request)[root@4662b88202f1 ~]# ab -c 100 -n 1000 http://www.ym68.cc/ This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1843412 $> Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/ Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking www.ym68.cc (be patient) Completed 100 requests Completed 200 requests Completed 300 requests Completed 400 requests Completed 500 requests Completed 600 requests Completed 700 requests Completed 800 requests Completed 900 requests Completed 1000 requests Finished 1000 requests Server Software: WAF/2.4-12.1 Server Hostname: www.ym68.cc Server Port: 80 Document Path: / Document Length: 176 bytes Concurrency Level: 100 Time taken for tests: 0.965 seconds Complete requests: 1000 Failed requests: 0 Non-2xx responses: 1000 Total transferred: 414000 bytes HTML transferred: 176000 bytes Requests per second: 1036.02 [#/sec] (mean) Time per request: 96.523 [ms] (mean) Time per request: 0.965 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests) Transfer rate: 418.86 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms) min mean[+/-sd] median max Connect: 35 41 3.6 41 56 Processing: 35 43 7.1 42 125 Waiting: 35 42 7.1 41 125 Total: 71 83 9.5 83 170 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms) 50% 83 66% 84 75%91 80% 92 90% 93 95% 94 98% 97 99% 120 100% 170 (longest request) http_load

http_load以并行复用的方式运行，用以测试web服务器的吞吐量与负载。但是它不同于大多数压力测试工具，它可以以一个单一的进程运行，一般不会把客户机搞死。还可以测试HTTPS类的网站请求。

软件官网页面:https://acme.com/software/http_load/

安装目录默认为:/usr/local/bin/http_load

下载压缩包并编译安装:

[root@dd643482f260 ~]# curl https://acme.com/software/http_load/http_load-09Mar2016.tar.gz -o http_load-09Mar2016.tar.gz% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed100 17339 100 17339 0 0 12142 0 0:00:01 0:00:01 —:–:– 12133 [root@dd643482f260 ~]# tar xf http_load-09Mar2016.tar.gz [root@dd643482f260 ~]# cd http_load-09Mar2016 [root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++[root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# make cc -O -ansi -pedantic -U__STRICT_ANSI__-Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wno-long-long -c timers.c cc -O -ansi -pedantic -U__STRICT_ANSI__-Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wno-long-long http_load.c timers.o -s -o http_load [root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# make installrm -f /usr/local/bin/http_load cp http_load /usr/local/bin rm -f /usr/local/man/man1/http_load.1 cp http_load.1 /usr/local/man/man1 cp:cannot create regular file/usr/local/man/man1: No such file or directory make: *** [Makefile:36: install] Error 1

查看帮助:

[root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# http_load -husage: http_load [-checksum] [-throttle] [-proxy host:port] [-verbose] [-timeout secs] [-sip sip_file] -parallel N | -rate N [-jitter] -fetches N | -seconds N url_file One start specifier, either -parallelor-rate,is required. One end specifier, either -fetches or -seconds, is required.

进行测试:

[root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# echo http://www.ym68.cc/ > test.url [root@dd643482f260 http_load-09Mar2016]# http_load -r 1000 -f 10000 test.url 10001 fetches, 29 max parallel, 1.76018e+06 bytes, in 81.6393 seconds 176mean bytes/connection122.502 fetches/sec, 21560.4 bytes/sec msecs/connect: 68.771 mean, 127.372 max, 59.622 min msecs/first-response: 65.3248 mean, 364.204 max, 35.49min HTTP response codes: code301 — 10001

如需开启https测试，需修改Makefile文件:

[root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# sed -i s/^#SSL_/SSL_/g Makefile [root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# makecc -O -DUSE_SSL -I/usr/local/ssl/include -ansi -pedantic -U__STRICT_ANSI__ -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wno-long–long-c timers.c cc -O -DUSE_SSL -I/usr/local/ssl/include -ansi -pedantic -U__STRICT_ANSI__ -Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wno-long–longhttp_load.c timers.o -s -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o http_load http_load.c:45:10: fatal error: openssl/ssl.h: No such file or directory #include <openssl/ssl.h> ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ compilation terminated. make: *** [Makefile:27: http_load] Error1 [root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# yum -y install openssl-devel –nogpgcheck[root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# make cc -O -DUSE_SSL -I/usr/local/ssl/include -ansi -pedantic -U__STRICT_ANSI__-Wall -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wcast-qual -Wcast-align -Wstrict-prototypes -Wmissing-prototypes -Wmissing-declarations -Wredundant-decls -Wno-long-long http_load.c timers.o –s -L/usr/local/ssl/lib -lssl -lcrypto -o http_load [root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# make installrm -f /usr/local/bin/http_load cp http_load /usr/local/bin rm -f /usr/local/man/man1/http_load.1 cp http_load.1 /usr/local/man/man1 cp: cannot create regular file /usr/local/man/man1: No such fileor directory make: *** [Makefile:36: install] Error 1

开始https测试:

[root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# echo https://www.ym68.cc/ > test.urlusage: http_load [-checksum] [-throttle] [-proxy host:port] [-verbose] [-timeout secs] [-sip sip_file] [-cipher str] -parallel N | -rate N [-jitter] -fetches N | -seconds N url_file One start specifier, either -parallelor -rate, is required. One end specifier, either -fetches or -seconds, isrequired. [root@a25372746bb5 http_load-09Mar2016]# http_load -r 100 -f 500 test.url 501 fetches, 16max parallel,2.31838e+07 bytes, in 56.4463 seconds 46275 mean bytes/connection 8.87569 fetches/sec, 410723bytes/sec msecs/connect:404.538 mean, 629.76 max, 74.803 min msecs/first-response: 338.945 mean, 619.686 max, 120.153 min HTTP response codes: code 200 — 501 webbench

webbench是Linux下的一个网站压力测试工具，最多可以模拟3万个并发连接去测试网站的负载能力。

官方页面: http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/webbench.html

安装目录默认为:/usr/local/bin/webbench

一次安装依赖:

yum -y install make gcc gcc-c++ ctags

开始下载并编译安装:

[root@7ff1fad0b95a ~]# curl http://home.tiscali.cz/~cz210552/distfiles/webbench-1.5.tar.gz -o webbench-1.5.tar.gz% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed100 7675 100 7675 0 0 8955 0 —:–:– —:–:– —:–:– 8945 [root@7ff1fad0b95a ~]# tar xf webbench-1.5.tar.gz [root@7ff1fad0b95a ~]# cd webbench-1.5 [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# makectags *.c [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# make install install -s webbench /usr/local/bin install -m 644 webbench.1/usr/local/man/man1install: cannot create regular file /usr/local/man/man1: No such file or directory make: *** [Makefile:16: install] Error 1

遇到的报错:

[root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# make bash: make: command not found

解决方法

[root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# yum -y install make [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# make cc -Wall -ggdb -W -O -c -o webbench.o webbench.c make: cc: Command not found make: *** [: webbench.o] Error 127 [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# makecc -Wall -ggdb -W -O -c -o webbench.o webbench.c webbench.c:21:10: fatal error: rpc/types.h: No such file or directory #include ^~~~~ compilation terminated. make: *** [: webbench.o] Error 1本处采用临时拷贝文件，请make完成后还原。通常系统中都存在该文件。 [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# cp /usr/include/sys/types.h /usr/include/rpc/ [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# make cc -Wall -ggdb -W -O -c -o webbench.o webbench.c webbench.c: In functionalArm_handler: webbench.c:77:31: warning: unused parameter signal[-Wunused-parameter]static void alarm_handler(int signal) ~~^~~~ cc -Wall -ggdb -W -O -o webbench webbench.o ctags *.c /bin/sh: ctags: command not found make: [Makefile:12: tags] Error 127 (ignored) [root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# yum -y install ctags

webbench 命令帮助

[root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# webbench -h webbench [option]… URL -f|–force 不要等待服务器的回复. -r|–reload 发送重新加载请求-语法: no-cache. -t|–time <sec> 运行基准测试<sec>秒。 默认30. -p|–proxy <server:port> 使用proxy服务进行请求. -c|–clients <n> 一次运行<n> HTTP客户端。 默认一个. -9|–http09 Use HTTP/0.9 样式请求. –1|–http10 Use HTTP/1.0 协议. -2|–http11 Use HTTP/1.1协议. –get 使用GET请求方法. –head 使用HEAD请求方法. –options 使用OPTIONS请求方法. –trace 使用TRACE请求方法. -?|-h|–help This information. -V|–version Display program version.

暂只支持http方式，不支持https。请求测试:

[root@7ff1fad0b95a webbench-1.5]# webbench -c 1000 -t 2 http://www.ym68.cc/Webbench – Simple Web Benchmark 1.5 Copyright (c) Radim Kolar 1997-2004, GPL Open Source Software.Benchmarking: GET http://www.ym68.cc/1000 clients, running 2 sec. Speed=78119 pages/min, 421452 bytes/sec.Requests: 2604 susceed, 0 failed. siege

一款开源的压力测试工具，可以根据配置对一个WEB站点进行多用户的并发访问，记录每个用户所有请求过程的相应时间，并在一定数量的并发访问下重复进行

下载页面:http://download.joedog.org/siege/

默认安装目录:/usr/local/bin/siege

下载压缩包并编译

[root@ebf27f2e7b16 ~]# curl http://download.joedog.org/siege/siege-4.0.5.tar.gz -o siege-4.0.5.tar.gz% Total % Received % Xferd Average Speed Time Time Time Current Dload Upload Total Spent Left Speed100 512k 100 512k 0 0 10103 0 0:00:51 0:00:51 —:–:– 3951 [root@ebf27f2e7b16 ~]# tar xf siege-4.0.5.tar.gz [root@ebf27f2e7b16 ~]# cd siege-4.0.5 [root@ebf27f2e7b16 siege-4.0.5]# yum -y install openssl-devel gcc make [root@ebf27f2e7b16 siege-4.0.5]# ./configure –with-ssl=/usr/include/openssl/ &&make &&make install

查看siege帮助:

[root@ebf27f2e7b16 siege-4.0.5]# siege -h SIEGE 4.0.5Usage: siege [options] siege [options] URL siege -g URL Options: -V, –version VERSION, prints the version number. -h, –help HELP, printsthissection. -C, –config CONFIGURATION, show the current config. -v, –verbose VERBOSE, prints notification to screen. -q, –quiet QUIET turns verboseoff andsuppresses output. -g, –get GET, pull down HTTP headersand display the transaction. Great for application debugging. -p, —printPRINT, like GET only it prints the entire page. -c, –concurrent=NUM CONCURRENT users,default is 10 -r, –reps=NUM REPS, number of times to run the test. -t, –time=NUMm TIMED testing where “m” is modifier S, M, or H ex: –time=1H, one hour test. -d, –delay=NUM Time DELAY, random delay before each request -b, –benchmark BENCHMARK:nodelays between requests. -i, –internet INTERNET user simulation, hits URLs randomly. -f, –file=FILE FILE, select a specific URLS FILE. -R, –rc=FILE RC, specify an siegerc file -l, –log[=FILE] LOG to FILE. If FILEis not specified, the default is used: PREFIX/var/siege.log -m, –mark=“text”MARK, mark the log file with a string. between.001 andNUM. (NOT COUNTED IN STATS) -H, –header=“text” Add a header to request (can be many) -A, –user-agent=“text” Sets User-Agent inrequest -T, –content-type=“text” Sets Content-Type inrequest -j, –json-output JSON OUTPUT,print final stats to stdout as JSON —no-parser NO PARSER, turn offthe HTML page parser —no-follow NO FOLLOW, do not follow HTTP redirects Copyright (C) 2020 byJeffrey Fulmer, et al. Thisis free software; see the source for copying conditions. There is NO warranty; notevenfor MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

siege压力测试结果:

[root@ebf27f2e7b16 siege-4.0.5]# siege -c 100 -r 1 https://www.ym68.cc/ { “transactions”: 3900, “availability”: 100.00, “elapsed_time”: 15.67, “data_transferred”: 32.07, “response_time”: 0.30, “transaction_rate”: 248.88, “throughput”: 2.05, “concurrency”: 75.81, “successful_transactions”: 3800, “failed_transactions”: 0, “longest_transaction”: 7.13,“shortest_transaction”: 0.15 }