Docker容器的使用方法简单示例

目录一、拉取镜像二、运行镜像三、测试容器内的应用四、检查宿主机端口五、停止容器

一、拉取镜像

1.检测镜像是否存在

[root@node1 ~]# docker search nginx NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED nginx Official build of Nginx. 15187 [OK] jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker con… 2048 [OK] richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable of… 816 [OK] jc21/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ho… 218 linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by LinuxS… 149 tiangolo/nginx-rtmp Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rtmp… 136 [OK] jlesage/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for Nginx Proxy Manager 123 [OK] alfg/nginx-rtmp NGINX, nginx-rtmp-module and FFmpeg from sou… 102 [OK] jasonrivers/nginx-rtmp Docker images to host RTMP streams using NGI… 92 [OK] nginxdemos/hello NGINX webserver that serves a simple page co… 70 [OK] privatebin/nginx-fpm-alpine PrivateBin running on an Nginx, php-fpm & Al… 56 [OK] nginx/nginx-ingress NGINX and NGINX Plus Ingress Controllers fo… 55 nginxinc/nginx-unprivileged Unprivileged NGINX Dockerfiles 45 staticfloat/nginx-certbot Opinionated setup for automatic TLS certs lo… 24 [OK] nginx/nginx-prometheus-exporter NGINX Prometheus Exporter for NGINX and NGIN… 19 schmunk42/nginx-redirect A very simple container to redirect HTTP tra… 19 [OK] centos/nginx-112-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.12 or building … 15 centos/nginx-18-centos7 Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building n… 13 raulr/nginx-wordpress Nginx front-end for the official wordpress:f… 13 [OK] bitwarden/nginx The Bitwarden nginx web server acting as a r… 11 flashspys/nginx-static Super Lightweight Nginx Image 10 [OK] mailu/nginx Mailu nginx frontend 9 [OK] sophos/nginx-vts-exporter Simple server that scrapes Nginx vts stats a… 7 [OK] ansibleplaybookbundle/nginx-apb An APB to deploy NGINX 2 [OK] wodby/nginx Generic nginx 1

2.拉取下载镜像

[root@node1 ~]# docker pull nginx Using default tag: latest latest: Pulling from library/nginx b4d181a07f80: Pull complete 66b1c490df3f: Pull complete d0f91ae9b44c: Pull complete baf987068537: Pull complete 6bbc76cbebeb: Pull complete 32b766478bc2: Pull complete Digest: sha256:353c20f74d9b6aee359f30e8e4f69c3d7eaea2f610681c4a95849a2fd7c497f9 Status: Downloaded newer image for nginx:latest docker.io/library/nginx:latest

3.查看本地镜像

[root@node1 ~]# docker image ls REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE nginx latest 4cdc5dd7eaad 2 weeks ago 133MB

二、运行镜像

1.安装相关包

[root@node1 ~]# yum install -y libseccomp-devel Updating Subscription Management repositories. Unable to read consumer identity This system is not registered to Red Hat Subscription Management. You can use subscription-manager to register. Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration Repository BaseOS is listed more than once in the configuration Repository AppStream is listed more than once in the configuration Repository BaseOS is listed more than once in the configuration Docker CE Nightly – Sources 798 B/s | 2.3 kB 00:02 ansiable 0.0 B/s | 0 B 00:00 Failed to synchronize cache for repo docker-ce-nightly-source, ignoring this repo. Failed to synchronize cache for repo ansiable, ignoring this repo. Last metadata expiration check: 2:32:21 ago on Wed 21 Jul 2021 07:51:23 PM CST. Dependencies resolved. =============================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size =============================================================================================================================================== Installing: libseccomp-devel x86_64 2.5.1-1.el8 AppStream 57 k Upgrading: libseccomp x86_64 2.5.1-1.el8 base 71 k Transaction Summary =============================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package Upgrade 1 Package Total download size: 128 k Downloading Packages: (1/2): libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 256 kB/s | 71 kB 00:00 (2/2): libseccomp-devel-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64.rpm 186 kB/s | 57 kB 00:00 ———————————————————————————————————————————————– Total 414 kB/s | 128 kB 00:00 Running transaction check Transaction check succeeded. Running transaction test Transaction test succeeded. Running transaction Preparing : 1/1 Upgrading : libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 1/3 Running scriptlet: libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 1/3 Installing : libseccomp-devel-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 2/3 Cleanup : libseccomp-2.3.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/3 Running scriptlet: libseccomp-2.3.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/3 Verifying : libseccomp-devel-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 1/3 Verifying : libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 2/3 Verifying : libseccomp-2.3.3-3.el8.x86_64 3/3 Installed products updated. Upgraded: libseccomp-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 Installed: libseccomp-devel-2.5.1-1.el8.x86_64 Complete!

2.生成容器

备注：- d 后台运行容器 -p 80:80 端口映射 宿主机端口：容器内端口 [root@node1 ~]# docker run -d -p 80:80 nginx 2716e3ec14173a31d8c2168ceceefbbfecec0efe6d611bc710df0bc53748ef0c

3.查看容器运行状态

[root@node1 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2716e3ec1417 nginx “/docker-entrypoint.…” 26 seconds ago Up 24 seconds 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp naughty_driscoll

三、测试容器内的应用

四、检查宿主机端口

[root@node1 ~]# netstat -tunlp |grep 80 tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 3807/docker-proxy tcp6 0 0 :::80 :::* LISTEN 3814/docker-proxy tcp6 0 0 :::8081 :::* LISTEN 1092/httpd

五、停止容器

[root@node1 ~]# docker ps CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES 2716e3ec1417 nginx “/docker-entrypoint.…” 6 minutes ago Up 6 minutes 0.0.0.0:80->80/tcp, :::80->80/tcp naughty_driscoll [root@node1 ~]# docker stop 2716e3ec1417 2716e3ec1417 [root@node1 ~]# docker start 2716e3ec1417 2716e3ec1417