Linux超详细gcc升级全过程

目录前言1.当前gcc版本2.安装gcc3.gmp安装4.MPFR编译5.MPC编译6.GCC 配置7.GCC版本更新

前言

c c++ 等等 需要这个编译器gcc，最近有DBA的朋友咨询RHEL7.6操作系统安装Mysql数据库时需要 高版本的GCC，研究了下发现坑不少，总结本文分享给大家

1.当前gcc版本

[root@rhel76 ~]# gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/libexec/gcc/x86_64-redhat-linux/4.8.5/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-redhat-linux Configured with: ../configure –prefix=/usr –mandir=/usr/share/man –infodir=/usr/share/info –with-bugurl=http://bugzilla.redhat.com/bugzilla –enable-bootstrap –enable-shared –enable-threads=posix –enable-checking=release –with-system-zlib –enable-__cxa_atexit –disable-libunwind-exceptions –enable-gnu-unique-object –enable-linker-build-id –with-linker-hash-style=gnu –enable-languages=c,c++,objc,obj-c++,java,fortran,ada,go,lto –enable-plugin –enable-initfini-array –disable-libgcj –with-isl=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/isl-install –with-cloog=/builddir/build/BUILD/gcc-4.8.5-20150702/obj-x86_64-redhat-linux/cloog-install –enable-gnu-indirect-function –with-tune=generic –with-arch_32=x86-64 –build=x86_64-redhat-linux Thread model: posix gcc version 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-36) (GCC) 从以上可以看出当前版本为4.8.5，本次我们升级到10.1.0

2.安装gcc

–下载地址： https://mirrors.aliyun.com/gnu/gcc/gcc-10.1.0/ [root@rhel76 ~]# tar -vxf gcc-10.1.0.tar.gz [root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# mkdir build [root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# cd build/ [root@rhel76 build]# ../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib checking build system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking host system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking target system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works… yes checking whether ln -s works… yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output… /usr/bin/sed checking for gawk… gawk checking for libatomic support… yes checking for libitm support… yes checking for libsanitizer support… yes checking for libvtv support… yes checking for libhsail-rt support… yes checking for libphobos support… yes checking for gcc… gcc checking whether the C compiler works… yes checking for C compiler default output file name… a.out checking for suffix of executables… checking whether we are cross compiling… no checking for suffix of object files… o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… yes checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89… none needed checking for g++… g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler… yes checking whether g++ accepts -g… yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc… no checking for gnatbind… no checking for gnatmake… no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada… no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects… cmp –ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir… .libs checking for the correct version of gmp.h… no configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+. Try the –with-gmp, –with-mpfr and/or –with-mpc options to specify their locations. Source code for these libraries can be found at their respective hosting sites as well as at https://gcc.gnu.org/pub/gcc/infrastructure/. See also http://gcc.gnu.org/install/prerequisites.html for additional info. If you obtained GMP, MPFR and/or MPC from a vendor distribution package, make sure that you have installed both the libraries and the header files. They may be located in separate packages. 从日志总可以看出有如下报错，故下面每个都安装 configure: error: Building GCC requires GMP 4.2+, MPFR 3.1.0+ and MPC 0.8.0+.

3.gmp安装

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf gmp-5.0.1.tar.bz2 [root@jeames007 ~]# cd gmp-5.0.1/ [root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 [root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# make [root@jeames007 gmp-5.0.1]# make install make[4]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1 make[3]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1 make[2]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/root/gmp-5.0.1

4.MPFR编译

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf mpfr-3.1.5.tar.xz [root@jeames007 ~]# cd mpfr-3.1.5/ [root@jeames007 ~]#./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 [root@jeames007 mpfr-3.1.5]# make [root@jeames007 mpfr-3.1.5]# make install

5.MPC编译

[root@jeames007 ~]# tar -vxf mpc-1.0.1.tar.gz [root@jeames007 ~]# cd mpc-1.0.1 [root@jeames007 ~]# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1 –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 [root@jeames007 mpc-1.0.1]# make [root@jeames007 mpc-1.0.1]# make install

6.GCC 配置

[root@rhel76 ~]# cd gcc-10.1.0 [root@rhel76 gcc-10.1.0]# cd build/ ../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1 checking build system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking host system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking target system type… x86_64-pc-linux-gnu checking for a BSD-compatible install… /usr/bin/install -c checking whether ln works… yes checking whether ln -s works… yes checking for a sed that does not truncate output… /usr/bin/sed checking for gawk… gawk checking for libatomic support… yes checking for libitm support… yes checking for libsanitizer support… yes checking for libvtv support… yes checking for libhsail-rt support… yes checking for libphobos support… yes checking for gcc… gcc checking whether the C compiler works… yes checking for C compiler default output file name… a.out checking for suffix of executables… checking whether we are cross compiling… no checking for suffix of object files… o checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler… yes checking whether gcc accepts -g… yes checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89… none needed checking for g++… g++ checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler… yes checking whether g++ accepts -g… yes checking whether g++ accepts -static-libstdc++ -static-libgcc… no checking for gnatbind… no checking for gnatmake… no checking whether compiler driver understands Ada… no checking how to compare bootstrapped objects… cmp –ignore-initial=16 $$f1 $$f2 checking for objdir… .libs checking for the correct version of gmp.h… yes checking for the correct version of mpfr.h… buggy but acceptable checking for the correct version of mpc.h… yes checking for the correct version of the gmp/mpfr/mpc libraries… yes checking for isl 0.15 or later… no required isl version is 0.15 or later *** This configuration is not supported in the following subdirectories: gnattools gotools target-libada target-libhsail-rt target-libphobos target-zlib target-libbacktrace target-libgfortran target-libgo target-libffi target-libobjc target-liboffloadmic (Any other directories should still work fine.) checking for default BUILD_CONFIG… bootstrap-debug checking for –enable-vtable-verify… no checking for bison… bison -y checking for bison… bison checking for gm4… no checking for gnum4… no checking for m4… m4 checking for flex… flex checking for flex… flex checking for makeinfo… no /root/gcc-10.1.0/missing: line 81: makeinfo: command not found checking for expect… no checking for runtest… no checking for ar… ar checking for as… as checking for dlltool… no checking for ld… ld checking for lipo… no checking for nm… nm checking for ranlib… ranlib checking for strip… strip checking for windres… no checking for windmc… no checking for objcopy… objcopy checking for objdump… objdump checking for otool… no checking for readelf… readelf checking for cc… cc checking for c++… c++ checking for gcc… gcc checking for gfortran… gfortran checking for gccgo… no checking for gdc… no checking for ar… no checking for ar… ar checking for as… no checking for as… as checking for dlltool… no checking for dlltool… no checking for ld… no checking for ld… ld checking for lipo… no checking for lipo… no checking for nm… no checking for nm… nm checking for objcopy… no checking for objcopy… objcopy checking for objdump… no checking for objdump… objdump checking for otool… no checking for otool… no checking for ranlib… no checking for ranlib… ranlib checking for readelf… no checking for readelf… readelf checking for strip… no checking for strip… strip checking for windres… no checking for windres… no checking for windmc… no checking for windmc… no checking where to find the target ar… host tool checking where to find the target as… host tool checking where to find the target cc… just compiled checking where to find the target c++… just compiled checking where to find the target c++ for libstdc++… just compiled checking where to find the target dlltool… host tool checking where to find the target gcc… just compiled checking where to find the target gfortran… host tool checking where to find the target gccgo… host tool checking where to find the target gdc… host tool checking where to find the target ld… host tool checking where to find the target lipo… host tool checking where to find the target nm… host tool checking where to find the target objcopy… host tool checking where to find the target objdump… host tool checking where to find the target otool… host tool checking where to find the target ranlib… host tool checking where to find the target readelf… host tool checking where to find the target strip… host tool checking where to find the target windres… host tool checking where to find the target windmc… host tool checking whether to enable maintainer-specific portions of Makefiles… no configure: creating ./config.status config.status: creating Makefile [root@jeames007 ~]# make -j4 make 时间很长，很长，耐心等待，本人编译了1个小时。所以有条件的话，在编译时，可以使用make -j8 [root@jeames007 build]# make install 此时GCC版本还未更新下，需要以下的操作

7.GCC版本更新

mv /usr/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc485 mv /usr/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++485 mv /usr/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++485 mv /usr/bin/cc /usr/bin/cc485 ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/gcc ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/g++ /usr/bin/g++ ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/c++ /usr/bin/c++ ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/bin/gcc /usr/bin/cc mv /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.bak ln -s /usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/lib64/libstdc++.so.6.0.28 /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6 脚本执行成功之后就可以查看当前使用的gcc版本了 查看的命令：gcc -v [root@jeames007 ~]# gcc -v Using built-in specs. COLLECT_GCC=gcc COLLECT_LTO_WRAPPER=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/libexec/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/10.1.0/lto-wrapper Target: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu Configured with: ../configure –prefix=/usr/local/gcc-10.1.0/ –enable-checking=release –enable-languages=c,c++ –disable-multilib –with-gmp=/usr/local/gmp-5.0.1 –with-mpfr=/usr/local/mpfr-3.1.5 –with-mpc=/usr/local/mpc-1.0.1 Thread model: posix Supported LTO compression algorithms: zlib gcc version 10.1.0 (GCC)