Docker快速搭建PHP+Nginx+Mysql环境及踩坑

目录准备创建目录配置PHP拉取php-fpm镜像启动php-fpm配置Nginx拉取Nginx镜像配置nginx.conf启动Nginx配置MySQL拉取MySQL镜像启动MySQL常见问题1、thinkphp报错 Undefined class constant MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND2、thinkphp 报错 STORAGE_WRITE_ERROR:./Application/Runtime/Cache/Home/4e64ea6a2012f26b832b14cbc2152b28.php3、thinkphp验证码图片显示不出来

准备

创建目录

mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/phpProgram && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/php/php7.1.33/conf && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/php/php7.1.33/logs && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/nginx/conf.d && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/conf && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/logs && mkdir -p /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/data && cd /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/nginx/conf.d && sudo touch default.conf

配置PHP

拉取php-fpm镜像

docker pull php:7.1.33-fpm #版本7.1.33

启动php-fpm

docker run –name mwq-php -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/phpProgram:/var/www/html -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/php/php7.1.33/conf:/usr/local/etc/php -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/php/php7.1.33/logs:/phplogs -d –link mwq-php php:7.1.33-fpm

–name mwq-php是容器的名字

/Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/phpProgram是本地项目目录，/var/www/html是容器内项目存储目录

配置Nginx

拉取Nginx镜像

docker pull nginx:latest //拉取最新版本

配置nginx.conf

server { listen 80; server_name localhost; set $root /var/www/html/localhost; #access_log /tmp/nginx/logs/localhost.net.access.log main; #error_log /tmp/nginx/logs/localhost.net.error.log notice; location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|bmp|png|ico|txt|js|css)$ { root $root; } location / { root $root; index index.php index.html index.htm; if ( -f $request_filename) { break; } if (!-e $request_filename) { rewrite ^(.*)$ /index.php/$1 last; break; } } location ~ .php(.*)$ { root $root; set $script $uri; set $path_info “”; if ($uri ~ “^(.+.php)(/.+)”) { set $script $1; set $path_info $2; } fastcgi_pass mwq-php:9000; #fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_index index.php?IF_REWRITE=1; fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $path_info; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $script; include fastcgi_params; } location ~ /.ht { deny all; } location ~ /.svn { deny all; } location ~ /.git/ { deny all; } location ~ /Logs/ { deny all; } location ~ /Logs/.* { } location ~ /Logs/.* { deny all; } location ~ .*.(sql|tar.gz|zip|gz|tar|rariso|rpm|apk|bak)$ { deny all; } }

启动Nginx

docker run –name mwq-nginx -p 80:80 -d -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/phpProgram:/var/www/html:ro -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/nginx/conf.d:/etc/nginx/conf.d:ro –link mwq-php:php nginx

配置MySQL

拉取MySQL镜像

docker pull mysql:5.7.36 #版本5.7.36

启动MySQL

docker run -p 3306:3306 –name mwq-mysql -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/logs:/logs -v /Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/data:/mysql_data -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7.36-p 3306:3306： 将容器的3306端口映射到主机的3306端口-v/Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql： 将主机/Users/mwqnice/Documents/Program/docker/mysql/conf目录挂载到容器的/etc/mysql-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456： 初始化root用户的密码-d: 后台运行容器，并返回容器ID

常见问题

1、thinkphp报错 Undefined class constant MYSQL_ATTR_INIT_COMMAND

缺少pdo_mysql扩展，连接数据库失败

找到php.ini,docker中在/usr/local/etc/php中，复制一份php.ini，增加extension=pdo_mysql.so,重启php-fpm，如果还是不行，访问phpinfo页面，查看是否有pdo_mysql

如果没有，说明没有pdo_mysql扩展，需要编译

编译方法如下：

到docker的php容器中，在php文件夹下：

docker-php-ext-install pdo pdo_mysql

如果报 /usr/local/bin/docker-php-ext-enable: cannot create /usr/local/etc/php/conf.d/docker-php-ext-pdo_mysql.ini: Directory nonexistent

解决方案：直接在/usr/local/etc/php目录下面新建 conf.d目录和对应的docker-php-ext-pdo_msql.ini文件

其中docker-php-ext-pdo_msql.ini的内容为：

extension=pdo_mysql.so

2、thinkphp 报错 STORAGE_WRITE_ERROR:./Application/Runtime/Cache/Home/4e64ea6a2012f26b832b14cbc2152b28.php

是因为服务器缓存文件夹的操作权限不够，即Runtime没有权限，把缓存文件全部删除，再给Runtime777权限就行了

sudo chmod 777 Runtime 或者直接对代码库最外层设置777权限

3、thinkphp验证码图片显示不出来

缺少gd扩展，安装：

docker-php-ext-install gd

可能以下报错：

If configure fails try –with-webp-dir=

If configure fails try –with-jpeg-dir=

configure: error: png.h not found.

安装：

apt-get install libpng-dev libjpeg-dev

再次执行：

// 增加freetype配置 docker-php-ext-configure gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 –with-png-dir=/usr/include –with-jpeg-dir=/usr/include // 安装 docker-php-ext-install gd

php.ini增加php_gd2.so

phpinfo中显示gd库

注意如果phpinfo的gd库中没有freetype的支持，验证码依然显示不出来, 会报错：

Call to undefined function Thinkimagettftext()

如果gd库中没有freeType，则按照以下步骤进行：

docker-php-ext-configure gd –enable-gd-native-ttf –with-freetype-dir=/usr/include/freetype2 –with-png-dir=/usr/include

重新编译：

docker-php-ext-install gd

如果报错： configure: error: freetype-config not found. 运行：

apt-get -y install libfreetype6-dev

然后再继续运行上面的命令。gd库中有了freetype，则验证码显示正常了