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目录1. 对url的匹配1.1 默认匹配1.2 精确匹配( = )1.3 正则,区分大小写 ( ~ )1.4 正则表达式,不区分大小写 ( ~* )2. 匹配顺序2.1 示例(精确匹配最高)2.2 示例(字串匹配次之)2.3 示例(正则匹间配高于通用匹配)2.4 示例(正则表达式间前边的为准)2.5 示例(通用匹配兜底)3. 匹配间的冲突3.1 通用匹配 VS 字串匹配
1. 对url的匹配
1.1 默认匹配
语法示例 location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; }1.2 精确匹配( = )
语法示例 location = /crow/ { return 501 “精确匹配n”; }1.3 正则,区分大小写 ( ~ )
语法示例 location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; }1.4 正则表达式,不区分大小写 ( ~* )
语法示例 location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; }2. 匹配顺序
精确匹配(=)字串匹配(^~)正则匹配(~、~*)默认匹配()2.1 示例(精确匹配最高)
配置文件内容: server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } location = /crow/test.md { return 501 “精确匹配n”; } location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; } location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 “字串匹配n”; } } 访问测试 [root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md 精确匹配可见精确匹配被匹配到。
下边我们去掉精确匹配:
2.2 示例(字串匹配次之)
配置文件内容: server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } #location = /crow/test.md { # return 501 “精确匹配n”; #} location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; } location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 “字串匹配n”; } } 访问测试如下可见,还剩 字串匹配、正则匹配、通用匹配,结果匹配到了 字串匹配。
[root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md 字串匹配2.3 示例(正则匹间配高于通用匹配)
配置文件 server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } #location = /crow/test.md { # return 501 “精确匹配n”; #} location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; } location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; } #location ^~ /crow/test.md { # return 501 “字串匹配n”; #} } 访问测试 [root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md 正则表达式,区分大小写2.4 示例(正则表达式间前边的为准)
上例中我们看到:~在前边,因此先匹配了 ~。如果我们把~和~*换个位置
配置文件 server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; } location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; } } 访问测试 [root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.md 正则表达式,不区分大小写2.5 示例(通用匹配兜底)
配置文件
我们还是将所有匹配都写上
server { listen 1840; root /usr/share/nginx/html; location / { index index.html index.php index.htm; } location /crow/ { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } location = /crow/test.md { return 501 “精确匹配n”; } location ~ /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,区分大小写n”; } location ~* /crow/.*.md { return 501 “正则表达式,不区分大小写n”; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 “字串匹配n”; } } 访问测试 [root@liubei nginx-crow-test]# curl http://localhost:1840/crow/test.txt 通用匹配3. 匹配间的冲突
3.1 通用匹配 VS 字串匹配
通用匹配和字串匹配相同时,启动报错
配置文件 location /crow/test.md { return 501 “通用匹配n”; } location ^~ /crow/test.md { return 501 “字串匹配n”; } 启动报错如下: nginx-crow-test | nginx: [emerg] duplicate location “/crow/test.md” in /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf:45以上就是nginx location指令(实战示例匹配顺序匹配冲突)使用详解的详细内容,更多关于nginx location指令的资料请关注其它相关文章!
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